Threshold dynamics and impulsive treatment in stochastic NEET population model

Abstract

This paper introduces the dynamics of the NEET (Not in Employment, Education, or Training) population through a stochastic SNE model. Using a compartmental epidemic framework, we evaluate the impact of impulsive treatment strategies designed to facilitate the rapid reintegration of NEET individuals into education and employment. The theoretical analysis, supported by numerical simulations, demonstrates that when the threshold parameter R is below 1, the NEET population tends to become extinct. Conversely, when  R exceeds 1, the NEET status persists, thereby highlighting the need for periodic impulsive interventions. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers to design targeted and effective strategies to address the NEET phenomenon.